COMPUTER COURSE IN ICT LECTURE 1

INTRODUCTION TO ICT

What are ICT?

Information Communication Technologies (ICT)-Generally cover any product that will store, retrieve, manipulate, transmit or receive information electronically

The technology used to handle information and aid communication

ICT are the hardware and software that enable society to create, collect, consolidate and communicate information in multimedia formats and for various purposes. 

Although there is no single, universal definition of ICT, the term is generally accepted to mean all devices, networking components, applications and systems that combined allow people and organizations (i.e., businesses, nonprofit agencies, governments and criminal enterprises) to interact in the digital world.

 

Examples include, personal computers, digital television, cellular phones, computers and network hardware are software, satellite systems, and so on

Components of an ICT system

ICT encompasses both the internet-enabled sphere as well as the mobile one powered by wireless networks. It also includes antiquated technologies, such as landline telephones, radio and television broadcast -- all of which are still widely used today alongside cutting-edge ICT pieces such as artificial intelligence and robotics.

ICT is sometimes used synonymously with IT (for information technology); however, 

ICT is generally used to represent a broader, more comprehensive list of all components related to computer and digital technologies than IT.

The list of ICT components is exhaustive, and it continues to grow. Some components, such as computers and telephones, have existed for decades. Others, such as smartphones, digital TVs and robots, are more recent entries.

ICT commonly means more than its list of components, though. It also encompasses the application of all those various components. It's here that the real potential, power and danger of ICT can be found.

 

Mention others examples of ICTs

Impact of ICT on society

Developments in ICT have brought about the merger of 

–       the computing,

–       information,

–       communications,

–       entertainment,

–       mass media industries 

Thereby providing a means of exchanging information in the digital format used by computers.

What is the impact of ICT on information centers?

ICT made information creation in digital format possible.

ICT made online access and file transfer possible

ICT made networking and sharing of information resources possible

ICT's societal and economic impact

ICT is leveraged for economic, societal and interpersonal transactions and interactions. 

ICT has drastically changed how people work, communicate, learn and live. Moreover, 

ICT continues to revolutionize all parts of the human experience as first computers and now robots do many of the tasks once handled by humans. For example, computers once answered phones and directed calls to the appropriate individuals to respond; now robots not only can answer the calls, but they can often more quickly and efficiently handle callers' requests for services.

ICT's importance to economic development and business growth has been so monumental, in fact, that it's credited with ushering in what many have labeled the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

ICT also underpins broad shifts in society, as individuals en masse are moving from personal, face-to-face interactions to ones in the digital space. This new era is frequently termed the Digital Age.

For all its revolutionary aspects, though, ICT capabilities aren't evenly distributed. Simply put, richer countries and richer individuals enjoy more access and thus have a greater ability to seize on the advantages and opportunities powered by ICT.

Consider, for example, some findings from the World Bank. In 2016, it stated that more than 75% of people worldwide have access to a cellphone. However, internet access through either mobile or fixed broadband remains prohibitively expensive in many countries due to a lack of ICT infrastructure. Furthermore, the World

What are the effects of these developments on the user community?

Increases level of technology literacy

Increases demand for better and faster access  to information

Aggravates discrepancies between  the information rich  and information poor.

Computers play a central role in ICT

What Is a Computer?

How is a computer defined?

A computer is an electronic device that accepts data  and instructions from a user, manipulates the data according to the instructions, displays the information or results in some way, and stores the information for retrieval later. It can also store the data.

The computer

          first,  Accepts data such as raw facts, figures, and  symbol             

         then,  Processes data into information (Data that is organized, meaningful, and   useful )

    finally, Produces and stores results

Basic Concepts of Computer Hardware

This model of the typical digital computer is often called the   von Neumann computer.

–    Programs/instruction and data are stored in the same memory: primary memory.

–       The computer can only perform one instruction at a time.

Computer Basics

Computers

–       Device that accepts input, process and stores data, and gives output

–     Device that can execute specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner

Give five examples of computing devices?

END OF LECTURE ONE